What is the Registrar of Companies?
The Registrar of Companies (ROC) is a government body that comes under the Central Government of India and works under the department of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs. ROC is a part of MCA; every state has its own ROC whereas some state has two ROCs, as well as few states, has only one ROC. ROC is an authority that has the power to approve the application in respect of company registration and its compliance. As per section 2(75) of companies act, 2013 “Registrar means a Registrar, an Additional Registrar, a Joint Registrar, a Deputy Registrar or an Assistant Registrar, having the duty of registering companies and discharging various functions under this Act;”
The Registrar of Companies has the most important authority to regulate the provisions of the companies act as well as the limited partnership act. The registrar of companies maintains all the records and registers of the companies and LLPs. Every company whether a private limited company or one person company or a Limited Liability Partnership has to file all the records and returns to the ROC in whose jurisdiction where their registered office is situated. The ROC is appointed under section 609 of the companies act 1956 in different states and union territories, with the primary objective to register the companies and LLPs.
Every ROC has its own jurisdiction and they register only those companies and LLPs who falls under their jurisdiction. Currently, there is a total of 25 ROCs in India but some state has two ROCs in the same state, for example, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu whereas there are some other states that have only one ROC for more than one state, for example, Delhi & Haryana has ROC Delhi, Punjab & Chandigarh has ROC Chandigarh, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Tripura, Mizoram, Nagaland & Arunachal Pradesh has ROC Guwahati. The Central Government has administrative control over the ROC, its officers and their functions. The ROC officers are from the Indian Corporate Law Service Cadre, the recruitment is done through the UPSC examination.
The Role of ROC in Company Registration
ROC plays an important role in company and LLP registration as they are involved in the complete procedure from initial to the end.
- ROC approves and reserve the name which is applied for the registration
- They check and examine all the documents and information submitted in SPICE+ form
- They issue DIN to the directors or designated partners of the company/LLP
- Issue certificate of incorporation if the registrar is satisfied with the forms.
- Maintain the register of companies and LLPs
Role of ROC After Company Registration
There is no end to the Role of ROC and a company. For instance, a company might require changing its name, objectives or registered office. In every such instance, a company would have to take the approval of the ROC before making any alteration in the company’s MOA, AOA or LLP’s agreement.
Why is ROC Important?
It is very important to have a controlling or administrative authority for every type of business organization to control and monitor the activities or functions of the company from time to time. ROC plays such an administrative role in company and LLP; they use to maintain all the records and details of these entities. They maintain all the records of the company registered, company closed, who complied with all the annual compliances formalities, what are the other changes made by the business during when, what are the penalties on companies and LLPs, etc, they have every type of register and they use to maintain it regularly. Apart from maintaining the data they also comply with all the statutory responsibilities which are mentioned in the companies and LLP act. It is their responsibility to grant the certificate of registration as well as the certificate of dissolution. Without ROC no company or LLP can get started or can get closed.
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